混凝土动态劈裂拉伸试验的数值模拟

采用LS-DYNA有限元编码程序，对混凝土的动态劈裂拉伸试验进行了数值模拟，给出了混凝土试样在不同类型加载情况下应力分布之间的差异，证实了动态劈裂拉伸试验的有效性，提出了改进试验方法的若干结论．     

Statistical Analysis of the Effect of Mineral Admixtures on the Strength of the Interfacial Transition Zone

Microscopic evidence indicates that the thickness of the interfacial transition zone (ITZ) between the aggregate and the cement paste is modified when mineral admixtures partially replace portland cement. Unfortunately, there is limited information on the significance of these microscopic modifications to the mechanical properties of the ITZ. This research reports experimental results on the shear and tensile strength of the ITZ as affected by the addition of the following mineral admixtures: silica fume, fly ash, and natural pozzolan. Statistical analysis was used to identify the significant parameters affecting the tensile and shear strength of the ITZ. Experimental results indicate that not only does the incorporation of silica fume and fly ash increase the strength of the ITZ, these mineral admixtures have a greater influence on the strength increase of the ITZ than in the strength increase of the cement paste.     

高强混凝土弯压极限应变试验研究与计算

由于混凝土材料理化特性的差异,高强混凝土的弯压极限应变明显地小于普通混凝土,依据试验结果分析了高强混凝土的弯压极限应变变化规律,并给出了它的计算公式.     

ICP-AES法测定混凝土外加剂中微量氯离子

由于Cl^-过量引起混凝土钢筋锈蚀而过早的破坏，已成为世界性问题。混凝土外加剂中微量Cl^-是一个重要指标，准确测定氯离子的含量直接关系到混凝土配比的确定及浇灌后的质量。部颁及行业标准中是采用电化学滴定法和蒸馏法来测定混凝土外加剂的微量Cl^-[1,2]，电化学滴定法对测定干扰大。本文采用电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱法间接测定与微量Cl^-定量反应后剩余的Ag^ 含量，从而换算出Cl^-的含量，经回收验证及比较，证明本法简便、灵敏、快速，切实可行。     

Calorimetric studies of refractory corundum

Calorimetry has been used in the investigations of calcium aluminate materials produced as a binder for aluminate-corundum composites of high refractoriness. The kinetics and of hydration process was thus characterized and the optimum compositions of initial binders and cement-corundum refractory filler blends could be selected for further tests. The acceleration of heat evolution - the shortening of so-called induction period and relatively high heat output in the presence of corundum was observed. It means the acceleration of hydration process, that is early crystallisation of hydration products and subsequent further dissolution of initial anhydrous aluminate phases. In the presence of fine grained corundum particles these phenomena should be attributed to the nucleating effect of fine corundum particles. This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

细观等效理论预测再生混凝土宏观力学参数北大核心CSCD

预测分析再生混凝土各组分对再生混凝土宏观力学参数的影响是开展再生混凝土基本力学性能的一种方式.为了分析再生混凝土各组分对再生混凝土宏观力学参数的影响,根据再生混凝土的细观结构组成,建立了细观等效模型,利用扭转变形、细观夹杂理论、弹性等效思想和M-T模型方法,推导了由原生骨料、老界面层、老水泥砂浆、新界面层和新水泥砂浆等组成的再生混凝土的宏观力学参数预测模型.预测结果表明,随着再生骨料的取代率增加,水泥砂浆的含量不断增加,再生混凝土孔隙率也随之增大,导致再生混凝土的Poisson比随之增大,弹性模量、剪切模量和体积模量不断降低.模型的预测结果较好地反映了再生混凝土宏观力学参数随再生骨料取代率的增加不断变化的这一趋势,也为再生混凝土宏观力学参数的预测提供了一条简单实用的新方法,有利于再生混凝土基本力学性能的研究分析.     

钢筋混凝土旧工业厂房结构加固方案优选

当前人们选择旧工业厂房结构加固方案效率低下,且所考虑的因素较为片面,为了全面、高效地解决这一问题,通过综合考虑安全性、经济性、时间性、可行性和适用性等因素,以加固效果显著的工程案例为标准,以全面的18个参数为评价指标,构建了一种基于蛛网面积相似和形状相似的结构加固方案优选模型。该模型中首先运用熵权法确定18个指标权重,并将参数值归一化处理,随后运用Python计算蛛网结构相似度,检索出与目标范例最为相似的源范例。最后以结构加固效果显著的工程为例,验证了该模型能有效减少主观误差,具有较强的实用性,并以此模型优选出了某轧钢厂房结构加固方案。     

Sol-Gel processing of silica nanoparticles and their applications

Recently, silica nanoparticles (SNPs) have drawn widespread attention due to their applications in many emerging areas because of their tailorable morphology. During the last decade, remarkable efforts have been made on the investigations for novel processing methodologies to prepare SNPs, resulting in better control of the size, shape, porosity and significant improvements in the physio-chemical properties. A number of techniques available for preparing SNPs namely, flame spray pyrolysis, chemical vapour deposition, micro-emulsion, ball milling, sol-gel etc. have resulted, a number of publications. Among these, preparation by sol-gel has been the focus of research as the synthesis is straightforward, scalable and controllable. Therefore, this review focuses on the recent progress in the field of synthesis of SNPs exhibiting ordered mesoporous structure, their distribution pattern, morphological attributes and applications. The mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNPs) with good dispersion, varying morphology, narrow size distribution and homogeneous porous structure have been successfully prepared using organic and inorganic templates. The soft template assisted synthesis using surfactants for obtaining desirable shapes, pores, morphology and mechanisms proposed has been reviewed. Apart from single template, double and mixed surfactants, electrolytes, polymers etc. as templates have also been intensively discussed. The influence of reaction conditions such as temperature, pH, concentration of reagents, drying techniques, solvents, precursor, aging time etc. have also been deliberated. These MSNPs are suitable for a variety of applications viz., in the drug delivery systems, high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), biosensors, cosmetics as well as construction materials. The applications of these SNPs have also been briefly summarized.     

Mechanically strong and stiff supramolecular polymers enabled by fiber reinforced long-chain alkane matrix

Fiber-reinforced-concrete (FRC) mechanism refers short discrete fibers that are uniformly distributed and randomly oriented, which offers an effective way to improve the mechanical performance of concrete. In the design of supramolecular polymers, an analogous concept of FRC appears to have been considered very rarely-although fibrous structure has been frequently observed/generated during the supramolecular polymerization. In this work, we apply the alkane thermosets, octadecane (C₁₈H₃₈) and tetracosane (C₂₄H₅₀), taking the role of “concrete”, and the low-molecular-weight monomer with long alkyl chains as the essential “fiber” component, to fabricate the “fiber reinforced supramolecular polymer”. Very much like FRC mechanism in material science, the resulting fiber reinforced supramolecular polymer thus exhibit unusually high mechanical strength and stiffness, which is unprecedented in the conventional supramolecular strategy.